Sawmill-hog.



PATENTED DEC. 20, 1904.

H. G. DITTBENNER.

SAWMILL HOG. APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 10. 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHBBT 1.

N0 MODEL,

PATENTED DEC. 20, 1904.

H. G. DITTBENNER.

SAWMILLHOG.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 10, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO MODEL.

PATENTED DEC. 20, 1904.

H. G. DITTBENNER.

SAWMILL HOG. APPLICATION FILED NOV. I0, 1903.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

NO MODEL.

PATENTE-D DEC. 20, 1904. H. G. DITTBBNNER.

SAWMILL HOG.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 10, 1903.

4 QEEETS-SHEET 4.

no MODEL.

777/5wmwaui UNITED STATES Patented December 20, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

HERMANN Gr. DITTBENNER, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO DIAMONDIRON WORKS, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A CORPORA- TION OF MINNESOTA.

SAWMILL-HOG.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 777,779, dated December20, 1904.

Application filed November 10, 1903. Serial No. 180,518.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I,H ERMANN Gr. DITTBENNER, acitizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State ofMinnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSawmill-Hogs; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to machines for cutting refuse lumber intochips. The chips thus out are used for fuel, and the machine for cuttingthe chips is known to the sawmill trade as the hog.

My invention has for its object to improve the construction of thesemachines in the several particulars hereinafter noted; and to such endsit consists of the novel devices and combinations of devices hereinafterdescribed, and defined in the claims.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein likecharacters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete machine or hog. Fig. 2 is atransverse vertical section taken on the line m m of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is avertical longitudinal section taken on the line m m of Fig. 2. Fig. 1 isa detail in elevation showing the so-called anvildoor and attachedknives looking at the same from the inner side of the machine andshowing also portions of the knife disks. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectiontakenon the line 00 x of Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a detail in horizontalsection on the line at m of Fig. 3, some parts being broken away. Fig. 7is a detail in section on the line m 00 of Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 is asection on the line 00 m of Fig. 6.

The case of the machine is made up of a lower rectangular base-section 1and an upper semicylindrical section consisting of a pair oflaterally-spaced intermediate plates 2 and a pair oflongitudinally-spaced segmental doors or case-sections 3 1. Theintermediate sections 2 are permanently and rigidly secured to thebase-section 1, and the feed-hopper 5 is directly and rigidly secured toand extends between the upper ends of the said sections 2. The segmentaldoors 3 4 have ears 6, that are pivotally connected by bolts 7 tohinge-lugs 8 on the base 1. The said doors 3 4 are thus mounted forhinge-like movements into open positions, their partially-open positionbeing indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3. The bolts 7 work throughvertical slots in the lugs 8, so that the door 3 may be verticallyadjusted into different operative positions for an important purposewhich will hereinafter appear. The slots in the lugs 8, to which thedoor 4 is hinged, are not necessary, but are provided in theillustration given simply because the two end plates of the base 1happen to be cast from the same pattern.

When the doors 3 4 are closed, they are rigidly held in such positionsby short nutted bolts 9, passed through perforations in the flanges ofthe doors and through flanges of the intermediate plates 2 and of thebase 1. The door 3 is held in different vertical positions when closedby a plurality of set-screws 10, working through the lower flange ofsaid door and bearing on the upper flange of the base 1, as best shownin Fig. 1. These setscrews 10 act in opposition to the interposedtightening-bolts 9, and they are provided with jam-nuts 11 for holdingthem in their set adjustments. The horizontally-disposed bolts 9 workthrough vertical slots 1.2 in the flanges of the intermediate plates 2to permit the vertical adjustments of the said door 3.

Both of the doors 3 and 4 are bulged laterally inward at theirintermediate portions, as shown at 13, and the door 3 is furtherprovided with an upwardly-diverging V-shaped anvil 1 1, that projectsinto the case of the machine. A pair of diverging anvil-knives 15 areadjustably secured to the diverging faces of the anvil-block 14 by meansof short nutted bolts 16. The heads of these bolts 16 work in recesses17, formed in the anvil-block 14, (see Figs. 6 and 7,) and the saidbolt-heads are adapted to be clamped against the slotted overlyingflanges 17 of the said anvil. The anvilknives 15 are engaged at theirinner edges by adjusting-screws 18, which hold the same projected beyondthe anvil any desired distance and compensate for the wear of theknives. Jam-nuts 19 on the adjusting-screws 18 hold the said screwswherever set. The said screws, it will be noted by reference to Figs. 3,5, and 6, work through the depressed vertical web portion of theanvil-door 3.

As shown, the doors 3 A are formed at their free outer portions withheavy eyes 20, into which a hook or other tool may be inserted to throwthe said doors into open positions when the bolts 9 are removed.

The heavy driving-shaft 21 of the machine is advisably mounted inindependent bearingsleeves 22, which in turn are held by divided hubportions 23, rigidly secured on the sides of the frame or case of themachine. These bearing-sleeves 22 are preferably formed on their upperportions with oil-boxes 24:, that work between the bifurcated uppersections 25 of the hub portions 23. At their lower portions saidbearing-sleeves 22 are also preferably rounded at 26 and provided withfulcrum-lugs 27,that loosely fit reversely-formed portions of the saidhubs 23 in such manner that the bearing-sleeves are universallyadjustable for slight movements, so that they will freely aline with theshaft 21. Outward of the sleeves 22 the shaft 21 is shown as providedwith thrust-collars 28, held in position on the shaft by set-screws 29.A pulley 30, rigidly secured to one end of said shaft, affords means forapplying power to rotate the said shaft and the cutter-disks carriedthereby,

which latter will now be described.

Within the case of the machine and rigidly secured to the rotary shaft21 is a pair of reversely-fiaring conical disks 31, placed together insuch a manner that they afford a cutter-head having a V-shaped oroutwardlydiverging peripheral channel into which the stock or refuselumber will be directly delivered from thefeed-hopper 5. It may be herestated that the anvil of the door 3 and the anvil-knives 15 project intothis peripheral channel of the cutter-head and that the cutting edges ofthe said knives when properly adjusted lie quite close to the divergingsurfaces of the two disks 31. The said disks 31 are provided with radialslots 32 in staggered arrangement, as best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, andthrough eachof these slots projects the cutting edge of a knife 33.These knives 33 (see Figs. 6 and 8) are rigidly but adjustably clampedagainst inclined bearing-surfaces 3 1 of the said disks 31 by means ofshort nutted bolts 35, the heads of which are countersunk intoperipheral seats of the said disks. Between the nuts of the bolts 35 andthe knives 33 are interposed clamping-plates 36, formed with beveledheads 36, which deflect the chips and prevent the same from strikingagainst and loosening up the nuts of the said bolts.

The knives 33 should of course be so set that they will pass close tothe cutting edges of the cooperating anvil-knives 15, (see Fig.

6,) and it should be here noted that the cutting edges of the saidknives 33 are beveled at their outer edges, so that when cutting thechips the cutting strain is thrown onto the cutting edges of the saidknives as nearly as possible in the direction of the plane of the saidknives. efficiency of the knives and renders them less liable to bebroken and, further, enables them to run longer without being sharpened.At this point a still more important relation of the knives should benoted--to wit, that the disk-knives 33 are radially disposed with respctto the axis of the shaft 21, while the cutting edges of the anvil-knives15 lie in a plane which does not intersect the axis of said shaft, butis tangential to a circle struck from the axis of said shaft. In view ofthis arrangement of the knives the wood or stock will be cut with adrawing shearing action. Otherwise stated, when a piece of wood iscaught between the cutting edges of the anvil-knives and one of thediskknives the whole force of the cut is not instantaneously thrown uponthe same, but the cut is commenced at one point and is continuedthroughout the length of the disk-knife with a drawing action. This notonly relieves the knives from sudden and intense strains, but produces acleaner-cut chip and will not grind the chip to dust, so that ahigh-grade fuel is turned out from the machine. It is evident that theinnermost disk-knives cooperate with the lower portion of theanvil-knives and that the outermost disk-knives cooperate with the outerportions of the said anvil-knives. It is further evident that theoutermost and innermost disk-knives are brought into action in analternate order of succession.

The chips cut by the machine are dropped out through the bottom of thecase and through an opening 37 in the floor or base support 38 and fromthence may be delivered to any suitable point by a discharge spout orchute. (Not shown.)

As shown, the two knife-disks 31 are keyed to the shaft 21 and aresecured together by short nutted bolts 39. To prevent the knifedisk 31from being sprung or forced laterally, so as to throw the disk-knivesand anvil-knives into contact in case a piece of metal or other veryhard material should be caught between the knives, I provide a pair ofsocalled abutment-screws 40, preferably constructed of brass and screwedthrough the sides of the anvil-door 3. in position to engage with theouter faces of the peripheral flanges of the said knife-disks 31.Furthermore, these abutment-screws, which normally do not contact withthe said knife-disks, keep the disk-knives and anvil in proper positionsshould a piece of iron or very hard material get between the disks andthe frame and keep the disks from crowding over and riding on the anvil.Again, should one of the disks be This of course increases thecuttingforced against one of these abutment-screws 40' the latter willact as a brake to bring the cutter-head-to wit, the two knife-disksto aquick standstill, and thereby lessen the amount of damage which would becaused to the machine. I

It is evident that the anvil-knives 15 may be adjusted to compensate forwear and to set them at the proper angle with respect to the disk-knivesby adjustmentsof the set-screws 18. It is further evident that the saidanvilknives may be set nearer to or farther from the diverging faces ofthe knife disks 31 by adjusting the anvil-door 3 respectively downwardor upward. It will also be understood that it is very important that theanvilknives and disk-knives be set in proper adjustments in order toproduce the best cutting action and to produce chips of the desiredthickness. In machines hitherto designed for cutting chipped fuelthatis, in hogs as hitherto constructedit has been necessary to adjust theknives while certain thereof were thrown into inoperative positions, andhence to make calculations 01', in other words, to guess when the kniveswere set in approximately desired positions. This has been madenecessary because when the knives were in operative positions theircutting edges could not be seen, or at least could not be observed in aproper direction to determine their relativeset positions. However, inmy improved machine or hog when the door 4 is opened up light isadmitted into the case between the two disks and a direct line of visionis afforded from the outer side of the case directly between the cuttingedges of the anvilknives and of the disk-knives. Hence it is evidentthat the anvil-knives and disk-knives may be very easily and accuratelyset in any desired relation to each other, and hence the time is savedand the machine may be set to do better work. Furthermore, thefeed-hopper 5 is independent of the movable parts or doors of the case,and hence is never disturbed.

The machine or hog above described has been built, tried, and put uponthe market and has given the greatest satisfaction. The machine is ofcourse capable of modification within the scope of my invention asherein set forth and claimed.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the UnitedStates, is as follows:

1. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a casehaving an adjustable anvil-block, of diverging knives applied to saidanvil-block, means for adjusting said knives edgewise transversely ofthe line of adjustment of said anvil -block, and a cutterhead workingwithin said case, and cooperating with said anvil-knives, substantiallyas described.

2. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a casehaving a centrallylocated feed-hopper and a pair of doors orcase-sections on opposite sides, one of said case-sections havingadjustable anvil-knives, and the other case-section being movable toafford a line of vision through the case to said anvil-knives, and acutter-head rotatively mounted within said case and. having knivescooperating with said anvil-knives, substantially as described.

3. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a caseand an inclosed rotary cutter-head, of an anvil-knife supported by saidcase, and cooperating knives carried by said cutter-head, the saidknives being arranged to pass at an angle, and to cut with a drawing,shearing action, substantially as described.

4. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a casehaving an interior V-shaped anvil-block and diverging anvil-knivesapplied to said anvil-block, of a pair of diverging conical disks,affording a cutter-head, rotatively mounted within said case, anddisk-knives carried by the said disks and cooperating with saidanvil-knives, the cutting edges of which disk-knives radiate from theaxis of said disks, and the cutting edges of which anvil-knives lie in aplane extending tangentially to a circle struck from the axis of saiddisk, whereby the said knives cooperate to out with a drawing, shearingaction, substantially as described.

5. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a casehaving doors or movable case sections located at opposite points, one ofthe said doors having an anvil block and anvil-knives applied to saidanvilblock, of a cutter-head rotatively mounted within said case andprovided with knives cooperating with said an vil-knives, substantiallyas described.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a casehaving a centrally-located feedhopper and a pair of segmental doors orcase-sections, on opposite sides of said hopper, one of saidcase-sections being adjustable and having anvil-knives adjustablysecured thereto, and a cutter-head rotatively mounted in the said caseand having knives cooperating with said anvil-knives,substantially asdescribed.

7. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a caseand an anvil-knife supported within the same,of a knife-equippedcutter-head working within the said case, and abutments on'the sides ofthe said case engageable with the said cutter-head, when, and only when,the latter is forced laterally out of a proper running position,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

8. In a machine of the character described, the combination with a caseand anvil-knives supported within the same, of a cutter-head afforded bya pair of conical disks rotatively mounted within said case and providedwith a plurality of knives, and abutment-screws working through thesides of said case and en- 1 terposed between said knife and the nut ofgageable with the marginal portions of said said bolt, and havingabeveled head protectknife-disks, when, and only when, the latter ing thesaid nut from the action of the chips, are forced laterally out of theirproper runsubstantially as described.

5 ning positions, substantially as and for the In testimonywhereoflaflix my signature in 5 purposes set forth. presence of twoWitnesses.

9. In a machine of the character described, HERMAN N G. DITTBENNER. thecombination with a knife, a support for Witnesses: the same and a nuttedbolt for securing said E. H. KELIHER, I0 knife to said support, of aclamping-plate in- F. D. MERCHANT.

